Carara National Park

A Biodiversity Refuge on the Pacific Coast

Located in the province of Puntarenas, on the central Pacific coast of Costa Rica, Carara National Park is one of the country's most important ecotourism destinations. With its strategic location between the ecosystems of the dry tropical forest and the tropical rainforest, Carara is a true melting pot of biodiversity, making it a unique place for nature lovers and birdwatchers. The park is home to iconic species and a wide variety of flora and fauna, making it an ideal destination for both outdoor adventurers and those interested in environmental conservation.

History and Creation of the Park

Carara National Park was established in 1978 to protect the valuable ecosystems of the region and the species that inhabit them. The area had been under threat due to agricultural expansion and deforestation. Its creation was a crucial step in preserving an area of transition between two important ecosystems: the dry tropical forest of the Central Pacific region and the tropical rainforest of the north. Covering approximately 5,242 hectares, the park includes both terrestrial areas and zones of wetlands, rivers, and mangroves that are vital to the region's biodiversity.

Location and Accessibility

Carara National Park is located about 10 km north of the town of Jacó, on Costa Rica's Pacific coast, making it an easily accessible destination for tourists visiting the region. The most common route is by car, taking Route 27 from San José to Route 34 south. Jacó, being nearby, offers lodging and restaurants, as well as other tourist activities, making Carara a perfect stop for travelers exploring the Pacific coast.

In addition to its proximity to Jacó, the park is easily accessible by car, with well-marked trails that make it easy to reach key areas of the park, such as the Tarcoles River and its surroundings.

Biodiversity and Wildlife

What makes Carara National Park unique is its location in a transition zone between the dry tropical forest and the tropical rainforest. This mix of ecosystems gives the park rich biodiversity, with species from both types of forests. The park is home to over 480 plant species, 120 species of mammals, 400 species of birds, and a variety of reptiles and amphibians.

Terrestrial Flora and Fauna

Visitors to Carara National Park can explore a wide range of habitats, from the dry forest of the Central Pacific region to the rainforest of the north. Common trees in the park include species like Guanacaste, Cenízaro, and Black Wood, while notable plants include orchids, ferns, and palms.

In terms of wildlife, the park is famous for being an excellent spot for birdwatching, especially for the largest parrot species in the Americas, the scarlet macaw (Ara macao). This vibrant-colored parrot, which is endangered, is one of the park's most iconic species. Other bird species include toucans, hawks, falcons, and various species of hummingbirds.

In addition to birds, the park is home to mammals such as the puma, the ocelot, and the peccary, as well as several species of monkeys, including howler monkeys and capuchin monkeys. Visitors may also spot coatis, foxes, and various reptiles such as iguanas, snakes, and lizards.

Aquatic Life and Wetlands

One of the park's standout ecosystems is the Tarcoles River, famous for its large river crocodiles, which are one of the main attractions for tourists. The river, along with its wetlands and surrounding areas, is home to a wide variety of aquatic wildlife, including fish, turtles, and migratory birds. The area is also an important refuge for aquatic and migratory birds, making the park a prime location for birdwatching.

Conservation and Challenges

Carara National Park faces several conservation challenges, including illegal deforestation, wildlife trafficking, and climate change. However, the park authorities, in collaboration with local and international organizations, are working on conservation programs and environmental education to mitigate these issues and promote sustainable ecotourism.

Read more about Carara National Park on the SINAC site: Read more